On 3 December 2015, the Australian Parliament passed the Tax Laws Amendment (Combating Multinational Tax Avoidance) Act 2015 (the “Multinational Anti-Avoidance Law”). This timely article looks not only at the operation of the Multinational Anti-Avoidance Law, and a number of technical issues identified, but for additional context, first discusses BEPS Action 7 and the basic jurisdictional rules under Australian domestic law for the taxation of business income of non-residents.